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Complications associated with preoperative anemia, perioperative bleeding and blood transfusions after isolated coronary artery bypass grafting

by T (Tuomas) Tauriainen

Institution: University of Oulu
Department:
Degree:
Year: 2017
Keywords: bleeding; bleeding severity; blood loss; blood transfusion; cardiac surgery; coronary artery bypass grafting; low-risk; outcome; preoperative anemia; red blood cell; retained blood; stroke; aivoinfarkti; leikkausalueelle jnyt veri; matala leikkausri
Posted: 2/1/2018
Record ID: 2220746
Full text PDF: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215501


Abstract

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, and coronary artery disease accounts for the majority of them. The treatment of choice for complex coronary artery disease is coronary artery bypass grafting. However, as surgery in general, cardiac surgery is associated with an increased risk of perioperative bleeding and utilization of blood products.The present study aimed to investigate the impact of preoperative anemia, perioperative bleeding and retained blood syndrome as well as blood transfusion on the outcomes after isolated coronary surgery. The severity of perioperative bleeding was assessed mainly using the E-CABG and UDPB stratification criteria.Our analyses showed that severe bleeding is associated with a significantly increased risk of stroke. Furthermore, severe bleeding increased the risk of several adverse events even in low-risk patients. Retained blood syndrome was observed to be a common complication after coronary surgery and was associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Preoperative anemia seems to have no significant impact on patient early and late survival. Instead, the frequent exposure to blood products may be the determinant of poorer survival observed among anemic patients.Perioperative blood loss and exposure to allogeneic blood has been shown to increase adverse events. Therefore, prevention of bleeding and measures to optimize patient blood management could improve patient outcomes after cardiac surgery. TiivistelmSydn ja verisuonitaudit ovat maailmanlaajuisesti yleisin kuoleman aiheuttaja, joista sepelvaltimotaudilla on suurin vaikutus. Sepelvaltimoiden ohitusleikkaus on kyp hoito vakavassa sepelvaltimotaudissa. Kuten kirurgiassa yleisestikin, erityisesti sydnkirurgia on yhdistetty suurentuneeseen verenevuodon ja verituotteiden saannin riskiin.Tutkimukseni tavoitteena oli selvitt preoperatiivisen anemian, perioperatiivisen verenvuodon, verituotteiden annon, sek leikkausalueelle jneen veren itsenisi vaikutuksia potilaiden lopputulemiin sepelvaltimoiden ohitusleikkauksen jlkeen. Verituotteiden ja perioperatiivisen verenvuodon mr arvioitiin psntisesti kytten E-CABG ja UDPB verenvuotoluokituksia.Tuloksenamme oli, ett vakava verenvuoto lis merkitsevsti aivoinfarktin riski. Lisksi vakava perioperatiivinen verenvuoto on yhteydess useisiin komplikaatioihin mys matalan leikkausriskin potilailla. Leikkausalueelle jneen veren huomattiin olevan yleinen ongelma sepelvaltimoiden ohitusleikkauksen jlkeen, mink lisksi se lissi riski useille haitta-tapahtumille. Preoperatiivisella anemialla ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitsev vaikutusta potilaiden lyhyen ja pitkn aikavlin ennusteisiin. Sen sijaan, aneemisille potilaille annetut verensiirrot saattaisivat aiheuttaa nill potilailla huomatun alentuneen elinajan ennusteen.Perioperatiivisen verenvuodon ja altistumisen verituotteille on osoitettu lisvn haittatapahtumia. Siisp verenvuodon vhentminen ja verituotteiden sstminen voisi parantaaAdvisors/Committee Members: Biancari, F. (Fausto).

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